Ask what the preapproval actually assumes

A preapproval is only useful if the buyer knows what assumptions sit behind it. Ask the loan officer what income, assets, debts, credit, down payment, interest rate, property taxes, common charges, maintenance, and insurance numbers were used.

If the buyer is shopping across condo, co-op, sponsor, and townhouse options, ask whether the same preapproval works for each property type. A co-op maintenance assumption, sponsor building review, or high common-charge building can change the financing conversation.

Project review is a separate NYC question

For condos and co-ops, the lender may need building documents in addition to borrower documents. Ask the loan officer what project review requires, who collects the questionnaire or building package, and what issues commonly delay review for the lender's program.

This is different from the buyer being personally qualified. Use the appraisal and lender review guide to separate borrower approval, appraisal, and building approval questions.

Loan Estimate questions should be specific

When the Loan Estimate arrives, ask the loan officer what is locked, what is estimated, what can change, and what assumptions are driving taxes, insurance, prepaid items, escrow, lender credits, points, and cash to close.

The CFPB's Loan Estimate resources are useful because buyers can compare loan terms and see whether the rate is locked. A buyer should not treat the first estimate as the final closing number.

Rate lock and commitment timing should be on one calendar

Ask when the rate lock starts, when it expires, what extension options cost, and whether the expected attorney review, appraisal, board, waiver, title, and closing timeline fits inside the lock period.

Then ask what conditions must be cleared before mortgage commitment and before closing. The rate lock guide and mortgage commitment checklist should be read together.

Credits, concessions, and rebates need lender review

If the buyer expects a seller credit, sponsor concession, lender credit, or buyer-side rebate, ask the loan officer how the lender wants it documented and when it needs to be disclosed. Do not assume every credit can be used the same way.

A buyer-side rebate estimate should remain conditional until written buyer-side terms, eligible compensation actually received, brokerage approval, lender review, and closing treatment are confirmed. The loan officer should address lender treatment; the attorney and closing team should address their own lanes.

Buyer scenarios and checkpoints

A co-op buyer should ask about maintenance assumptions, co-op recognition agreements, board package timing, and lender familiarity with the building type. A condo buyer should ask about project review, insurance, litigation, reserves, and waiver timing. A sponsor buyer should ask about project approval and completion documents.

A buyer using gift funds, bonus income, self-employment income, foreign assets, or a special loan program should ask the loan officer what documentation is needed before contract pressure builds.

What changes the answer

The answer changes with loan program, lender policy, borrower profile, property type, appraisal, building review, title issues, rate lock, commitment conditions, credits, concessions, buyer-side rebate documentation, and closing date.

It also changes if the buyer changes down payment, loan amount, occupancy plan, income documentation, gift funds, lender, building, or purchase structure.

What this article does not decide

This article does not decide whether a buyer qualifies for a loan, whether a lender should approve a building, whether a rate should be locked, whether a credit is permitted, or whether a buyer should choose a specific loan officer or loan product.

It is general buyer education, not legal, tax, mortgage, underwriting, lending, rate, credit, title, settlement, financial-planning, or investment advice.

Sources

Source freshness was checked on August 19, 2026. CFPB Loan Estimate guidance was used for loan-term, estimate, and rate-lock review framing: https://www.consumerfinance.gov/owning-a-home/loan-estimate/

CFPB loan-offer comparison guidance was used for lender-offer and rate-lock questions: https://www.consumerfinance.gov/owning-a-home/compare/choose-loan-offer/

New York Department of Financial Services mortgage industry resources were used for New York mortgage licensing and supervision context: https://www.dfs.ny.gov/apps_and_licensing/mortgage_companies